January 29, 2010
Congress challenges MIT economist's ethics
We are still waiting to hear whether MIT will hold economist Jonathan Gruber--he of the $400K government grant to pose as an independent supporter of the health care bill--accountable for what looks an awful lot like research misconduct. Meanwhile, Senators Grassley and Enzi are demanding answers--and not getting them.
From Ed Morrissey:
When MIT economics professor Jonathan Gruber allowed himself to be quoted by numerous media outlets about his sunny analyses of ObamaCare, including a big push by Peter Orszag on his OMB site and in challenging reporters to use Gruber's conclusions, Gruber never bothered to mention that he was receiving money through HHS to provide consultation on health-care reform. After Gruber's exposure, he claimed that few bothered to ask whether he received compensation from the administration and didn't feel compelled to volunteer the information. Now two members of the Senate have demanded that kind of disclosure from Gruber.In a letter sent earlier this week and given to Hot Air by a source in Washington, Charles Grassley (R-IA) and Michael Enzi (R-WY) demand answers to a long series of questions, including why Gruber never revealed this conflict of interest on three occasions when he testified before Congress on health-care reform. They first accuse Gruber of dishonesty:
We are writing in response to recent news reports that you received nearly $400,000 from HHS in exchange for providing technical assistance in evaluating various health care reform legislative proposals. During this same time, you have been actively promoting and defending the Administration's preferred health care reform policies both before Congress and in the media. This includes your participation in the Finance Committee's May 12, 2009, Roundtable Discussion entitled "Financing Comprehensive Health Care Reform"; the HELP Committee's June 11, 2009 hearing entitled "Healthcare Reform"; and the HELP Committee's Novembver 3, 2009 hearing entitled, "Increasing Health Costs Facing Small Businesses." On occasions such as these, it appears that you advanced the Administration's agenda without disclosing the fact that you were receiving federal remuneration. ...When an academic leader comes before Congress to advocate a position, Congress should have confidence that the witness is both independent and objective and not being paid to assist the Administration in its efforts. In this case, we are concerned that neither you nor the Department chose to inform Congress of your substantial ties in advance of, during, or any time after, your testimony before the Finance and HELP Committees. In fact, the biography submitted for the Finance Committee's Roundtable Discussion makes no mention of these ties or affiliations.
After this, Grassley and Enzi take aim at HHS and the Obama administration for failing to answer questions about outside consultants--answers that would have exposed Gruber as a shill long before being outed:
In July, Senator Enzi write to HHS Secretary Sebelius requesting among other information, a list of all outside consultants with the Department and copies of their agreements. HHS was unresponsive to this request, which should have revealed your relationship with the Department. Senator Enzi recently wrote again to reiterate this request to HHS Secretary Sebelius and to ask for additional information concerning your relationship with the Department. Senator Grassley also wrote to Secretary Sebelis requesting that HHS require any individuals under contract with the Department to disclose that fact publicly prior to any testimony before Congress. Additionally, Senator Grassley requested that HHS provide a complete list of individuals who are currently under contract, or have been under contract at any point last year, to assist the Department in any aspect of the health care reform process.
So much for increased transparency! This is an angle that we hadn't yet seen. The Republicans on these panels must have had some suspicion that the White House was tossing ringers into these committee meetings and wanted a list of consultants from HHS to spot them. HHS refused--and now one of those consultants got exposed anyway.Hopefully Grassley and Enzi will stay on top of this development and find out if HHS or any of the other federal agencies in the Obama administration have more paid shills acting as independent voices supporting their agenda, especially on ObamaCare.
Hopefully they will, indeed--because someone needs to be holding Gruber accountable, and the silence from MIT and from the academic community has been pretty deafening. Gruber's story hasn't even been covered by the Chronicle of Higher Ed or--apart from a very brief notice--Inside Higher Ed. It's the emperor's new clothes all around, it seems, and no one within academia wants to think about this issue on academic terms.
Academia has a responsibility to ensure its own ethical behavior--both institutions and disciplines should be self-policing when it comes to ethical training and to holding professors accountable to standards of ethical conduct. Not to do so is to erode the entire academic enterprise--and to make a powerful de facto argument against academic freedom.
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Comments:
It bothers me when people misuse the term "research misconduct" like this. He may be guilty of unethical conduct in failing to disclose a possible conflict of interest, but that's not research misconduct. Research misconduct refers to manipulating research in order to mislead others. It certainly should not cover someone doing research who doesn't disclose a conflict.
The lack of transparency is deeply disturbing. Being a paid hack reveals where interests rest and inform the consumer of the data and if the data is agenda driven. However, if the consumer is made aware of that on the front end, he can take the data with a grain of salt. Full-disclosure is crucial to credibility. Recall what happened to Armstrong Williams and Maggie Gallagher when it was revealed they were writing via skewed incentives. Prof. Gruber needs to same standard applied to him.
John -- In my original post (linked in this one), I also raise the matter of conflict of interest. I should have mentioned that in this one, too. Here's what I wrote initially:
"MIT requires faculty members to disclose to the university all outside professional activities, and to consult closely with administrators on how best to conduct those activities to ensure that conflicts of interest are minimized and that ethical standards are maintained. Did Gruber do that? If so, what advice did he get? If not, what mechanisms does MIT have in place for holding him accountable for his ethical lapses? Do these lapses fall under the category of research misconduct--which MIT takes very seriously? If so, what will MIT do from here? If not, why not?"
Worth noting, though: there are questions about whether Gruber has adjusted his research findings to fit the White House's goals. This, from health care policy expert and former NYU professor Merrill Goozner: http://www.gooznews.com/node/3230
If someone make significant $$$...consulting, publishing, board membership, whatever...in a field closely aligned to that of his employer, should he be contractually required to share some of it with said employer?
For example, if a B-school professor gets a consulting assignment, odds are one of the main things the company is buying is his university affiliation. Same thing is true if a CEO gets a board membership.
Also, senior executives (and, presumably, top-tier academics) don't usually work 9-5 schedules, so the outside stuff is arguably taking away from their main job.
I have mixed feelings about this idea, but seems it is worthy of discussion.
David, Interesting set of questions. Penn (and I suspect most schools) has a rule about outside consulting and related work: you could not spend more than 20% of your time at it, or the equivalent of one working day per week. You had to report annually on where you were doing any work of that kind and on how much time it took. I don't recall any stipulations about reporting the amount made, however. Colleges and universities are in a tight spot with this one -- those outside affiliations, when abused, can definitely interfere with one's ability to do one's job. But when managed well, they enhance the reputation and effectiveness of both professor and institutions.
Part of my curiosity about MIT and Gruber is that Gruber traded on MIT's name with his government consulting gig -- and that was, indeed, part of the gig. He was endlessly cited as "MIT economist Jonathan Gruber" and not as "highly paid government consultant Jonathan Gruber." You'd think MIT would not take kindly to that.
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